Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating mental health condition that can develop after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. Unlike normal stress responses that gradually diminish, PTSD symptoms persist and often intensify over time, creating a cycle of intrusive memories, avoidance behaviors, emotional numbing, and hyperarousal that profoundly disrupts daily life. Many people with PTSD describe feeling trapped in a state of perpetual threat, unable to move beyond the trauma that occurred months, years, or even decades ago.
PTSD affects an estimated 6-8% of the U.S. population at some point in their lives, with higher rates among military veterans, first responders, and survivors of sexual assault, serious accidents, or violent crimes. The condition impacts not just the individual but also their relationships, work capacity, and overall quality of life. Many people with PTSD also develop depression, anxiety disorders, substance use problems, and physical health conditions, creating complex clinical presentations requiring comprehensive treatment.
Current first-line treatments for PTSD include trauma-focused psychotherapies—particularly Prolonged Exposure (PE) and Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT)—and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), specifically sertraline and paroxetine, the only FDA-approved medications for PTSD. While these treatments help many people achieve symptom reduction, remission rates remain disappointingly low at 20-30%, and many individuals continue experiencing significant residual symptoms despite adequate trials of conventional therapies.
EleMental Health specializes in treatment-resistant PTSD using Ketamine-Assisted Therapy. Research including randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews demonstrates that ketamine can produce rapid reductions in PTSD symptoms, often within 24 hours to one week after treatment. Studies show ketamine is particularly effective when multiple infusions are administered over 2-3 weeks, with benefits sustained for several weeks after treatment completion. Results vary by individual, and ketamine therapy is typically considered when conventional treatments haven’t provided adequate relief.
Founded by Nykol Bailey Rice, CRNA and PMHNP, EleMental Health is one of Idaho’s pioneering ketamine clinics. Since our founding, we’ve served as a trusted referral center for major regional hospitals and mental health specialists throughout Idaho. Our approach combines evidence-based interventions with compassionate, trauma-informed care for individuals struggling with treatment-resistant conditions including PTSD.
Our Ketamine-Assisted Therapy program integrates medication with comprehensive clinical support designed specifically for trauma-related conditions. This framework includes preparation for the treatment experience, continuous monitoring during medication administration, and post-treatment integration to maximize therapeutic benefit. Our team includes nine specially-trained facilitators with credentials including Licensed Professional Counselor (LPC), Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor (LCPC), Doctor of Psychology (PsyD), Master of Arts (MA), Physician Assistant-Certified (PA-C), and Master of Science in Nursing (MSN).
We offer three delivery methods for ketamine therapy (IV infusion, IM injection, and compounded nasal spray), allowing us to develop protocols tailored to your specific PTSD presentation, trauma history, and treatment goals. Located at 2800 W Overland Rd, Boise, Idaho 83705, we’ve built our practice on clinical expertise, evidence-based medicine, and commitment to helping individuals reclaim their lives from the grip of trauma.
Results vary by individual. While research demonstrates significant benefit for many PTSD patients, we maintain comprehensive screening processes to ensure treatment safety and appropriateness for your specific situation.
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder develops when the brain’s natural recovery process after trauma becomes disrupted. Rather than processing the traumatic experience and returning to normal functioning, the nervous system remains locked in a state of high alert, with trauma memories incompletely processed and inappropriately triggered by reminders in the present environment.
PTSD symptoms fall into four main categories, all of which must be present for diagnosis:
Intrusive Memories: Unwanted, distressing memories of the traumatic event intrude into awareness repeatedly and involuntarily. Flashbacks—intense, vivid re-experiencing where the person feels as if the trauma is happening again in the present moment—can be triggered by sensory reminders or occur spontaneously. Nightmares related to the trauma disrupt sleep and contribute to chronic exhaustion. These intrusive symptoms are often described as the most distressing aspect of PTSD, creating a sense that there’s no escape from the trauma.
Avoidance: People with PTSD often go to great lengths to avoid reminders of the traumatic event. This includes avoiding thoughts, feelings, or conversations about the trauma, avoiding people or places associated with it, and avoiding activities that might trigger memories. While avoidance provides temporary relief from distress, it prevents the natural processing of traumatic memories and maintains PTSD symptoms long-term. Avoidance can become so extensive that it severely restricts daily activities and quality of life.
Negative Changes in Thinking and Mood: PTSD often produces profound shifts in how people think about themselves, others, and the world. This includes persistent negative beliefs (“I’m damaged,” “No one can be trusted,” “The world is completely dangerous”), distorted blame of self or others, persistent negative emotional states (fear, horror, anger, guilt, shame), markedly diminished interest in activities that were once enjoyed, feelings of detachment or estrangement from others, and persistent inability to experience positive emotions. These cognitive and emotional changes can be as disabling as the intrusive symptoms.
Alterations in Arousal and Reactivity: The nervous system in PTSD remains in a state of hyperarousal. This manifests as irritability or angry outbursts, reckless or self-destructive behavior, hypervigilance (constantly scanning the environment for threats), exaggerated startle response, problems with concentration, and sleep disturbances. This chronic hyperarousal is exhausting and contributes to numerous physical health problems over time.
PTSD profoundly affects every aspect of life. Relationships suffer as emotional numbing, irritability, and avoidance create distance between the affected person and their loved ones. Many people with PTSD struggle to maintain employment due to concentration difficulties, emotional dysregulation, or inability to tolerate work environments that trigger trauma reminders. Social isolation is common as avoidance extends to social situations and activities.
The unpredictability of symptoms creates constant stress. A person might feel relatively stable one moment and then be overwhelmed by intrusive memories or panic the next, triggered by seemingly minor environmental cues. This unpredictability makes planning difficult and contributes to a sense of loss of control over one’s own life.
PTSD rarely occurs in isolation. Major Depressive Disorder affects approximately 50% of people with PTSD, particularly among veterans. Anxiety disorders, including panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder, are common. Substance use disorders often develop as individuals attempt to self-medicate PTSD symptoms. Chronic pain conditions occur at higher rates in PTSD populations. These comorbidities complicate treatment and contribute to overall disability.
Despite being a well-recognized condition with established treatments, PTSD remains challenging to treat effectively for many individuals. Multiple factors contribute to this difficulty.
Only two medications—both selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)—have FDA approval specifically for PTSD: sertraline (Zoloft) and paroxetine (Paxil). While these medications help some patients achieve symptom reduction, they work slowly (requiring weeks to months before benefit emerges), produce full remission in only 20-30% of patients, often leave significant residual symptoms even when helpful, and cause side effects that lead many patients to discontinue treatment.
Other medications used off-label for PTSD include venlafaxine (an SNRI), prazosin (for nightmares), and various atypical antipsychotics for augmentation. These medications have even more limited evidence bases and variable efficacy. The medication options for PTSD are substantially more limited than for many other psychiatric conditions.
Evidence-based trauma-focused psychotherapies—Prolonged Exposure and Cognitive Processing Therapy—require individuals to directly engage with traumatic memories in a structured, systematic way. While effective for many people, these therapies face significant barriers including limited availability of trained trauma therapists, high emotional intensity that many patients find intolerable, substantial time commitment (12-16 weekly sessions typically), dropout rates of 20-30%, and persistent symptoms even after treatment completion in many cases.
For individuals with severe PTSD symptoms, particularly those with high levels of avoidance or emotional numbing, engaging meaningfully in trauma-focused therapy may feel impossible. The very symptoms that need treatment interfere with the ability to participate in the treatment most likely to help.
PTSD involves changes across multiple brain systems including fear learning and extinction pathways, memory consolidation and retrieval processes, emotional regulation circuits, and stress response systems. No single intervention addresses all these changes comprehensively. The heterogeneity of PTSD—with different symptom profiles, trauma types, and comorbidities across individuals—makes it difficult to predict who will respond to any specific treatment.
Additionally, chronic PTSD may involve more entrenched neurobiological changes than acute PTSD, potentially requiring more intensive or prolonged interventions to achieve meaningful improvement.
At EleMental Health, we offer Ketamine-Assisted Therapy for treatment-resistant PTSD, supported by randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses demonstrating efficacy for PTSD-specific symptoms.
Multiple randomized controlled trials have examined ketamine specifically for PTSD. The landmark 2014 study published in JAMA Psychiatry compared a single ketamine infusion to an active placebo (midazolam) in patients with chronic PTSD. Results showed significant reductions in PTSD symptom severity within 24 hours that persisted for up to one week. Subsequent trials have examined repeat infusion protocols, with studies demonstrating that six infusions administered over 2-3 weeks produce sustained symptom improvement lasting several weeks after treatment completion.
A systematic review and meta-analysis published in 2024 examined six randomized controlled trials of ketamine for PTSD. The analysis found that ketamine significantly reduced PTSD symptoms on multiple validated measures including the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) and the PTSD Checklist (PCL), with benefits evident at day 1 and sustained at weeks 1, 2, and 4. Ketamine also significantly reduced comorbid depression symptoms, an important finding given the high rate of PTSD-depression comorbidity.
A comprehensive 2023 review synthesized evidence from case reports, open-label studies, and randomized trials, concluding that ketamine demonstrates therapeutic safety, efficacy, and durability for PTSD. The review noted particularly encouraging results when ketamine is combined with trauma-focused psychotherapy, suggesting synergistic benefits from this integrated approach.
One of ketamine’s most remarkable properties in PTSD treatment is the speed of symptom reduction. Unlike SSRIs that require weeks to months before benefit emerges, ketamine often produces noticeable symptom improvement within 24 hours to one week after infusion. Patients report reductions in intrusive memories and nightmares, decreased intensity of emotional responses to trauma reminders, improved ability to experience positive emotions, and reduced hyperarousal symptoms including better sleep.
This rapid relief can be transformative for individuals who have struggled with severe symptoms for years. The quick response also provides hope and motivation to continue treatment, whether that involves additional ketamine infusions, engagement with psychotherapy, or both.
Emerging research suggests ketamine may facilitate the psychological processing of traumatic memories. The medication appears to open a window during which traumatic memories become more malleable—a process called memory reconsolidation. During this window, which may last hours to days after infusion, engaging with traumatic memories through therapy may allow for updating and reprocessing of those memories in ways that reduce their emotional impact.
Some research protocols specifically combine ketamine infusions with trauma-focused therapy sessions, capitalizing on this enhanced neuroplasticity to optimize therapeutic outcomes. While more research is needed to establish optimal protocols for combining ketamine with psychotherapy, preliminary findings suggest this integrated approach may produce superior results compared to either treatment alone.
Ketamine’s therapeutic mechanisms in PTSD involve multiple interconnected effects on brain systems involved in fear learning, memory processing, and emotional regulation.
Ketamine acts primarily as an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist. NMDA receptors play critical roles in the formation and reconsolidation of fear memories—the type of memories that become pathologically persistent in PTSD. When a traumatic memory is recalled, it enters a temporary state where it can be modified before being re-stored—a process called reconsolidation. NMDA receptors are essential for this reconsolidation process.
By blocking NMDA receptors during or shortly after memory reactivation, ketamine may disrupt the reconsolidation of traumatic memories, allowing them to be updated or weakened rather than strengthened. This mechanism explains why combining ketamine with trauma-focused therapy—which necessarily involves recalling traumatic memories—may be particularly effective.
PTSD involves loss of synaptic connections in brain regions important for emotional regulation and fear extinction, particularly the prefrontal cortex. Chronic stress and trauma exposure reduce brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protein essential for maintaining synaptic connections. This synaptic loss contributes to the persistent symptoms of PTSD.
Ketamine rapidly increases BDNF levels and promotes the growth of new synaptic connections—a process called synaptogenesis. Research using brain imaging has shown that ketamine increases functional connectivity between the amygdala (involved in fear processing) and the prefrontal cortex (involved in regulating emotional responses). This enhanced connectivity is associated with symptom improvement and may represent a restoration of more normal fear regulation circuits.
PTSD involves dysregulation of the glutamate system, the brain’s primary excitatory neurotransmitter system. Chronic stress and trauma exposure alter glutamate signaling in ways that contribute to hyperarousal, intrusive memories, and difficulty extinguishing fear responses. Ketamine’s effects on glutamate neurotransmission—initially blocking and then subsequently enhancing certain glutamate pathways—may help restore more normal glutamate system function.
This glutamate modulation affects multiple PTSD symptoms simultaneously. The hyperarousal characteristic of PTSD involves overactive glutamate signaling in some brain regions. Difficulty experiencing positive emotions and emotional numbing involve reduced glutamate signaling in reward and motivation circuits. Ketamine’s complex effects on glutamate systems may address both aspects.
Emerging evidence suggests PTSD involves chronic low-grade inflammation affecting the brain. Inflammatory markers are elevated in many individuals with PTSD, and this inflammation may contribute to symptoms and treatment resistance. Ketamine possesses anti-inflammatory properties that may contribute to its therapeutic effects in PTSD, though this mechanism requires further study to fully understand its significance.
The dissociative experience produced by ketamine—feelings of detachment, altered perceptions, transcendent or spiritual-like experiences—may contribute to therapeutic benefit in ways not fully captured by neurobiological mechanisms alone. Some patients report that the ketamine experience provides psychological distance from their trauma, allowing them to view traumatic memories from a different perspective or recognize that trauma memories are past events rather than present threats. While these subjective experiences are difficult to study scientifically, they may represent important components of ketamine’s overall therapeutic effect.
We offer Ketamine-Assisted Therapy for treatment-resistant PTSD through protocols informed by published research in PTSD populations and individualized based on your specific clinical presentation.
Ketamine-Assisted Therapy integrates medication with comprehensive clinical support designed specifically for trauma-related conditions. Our approach emphasizes safety, trauma-informed care, and optimization of therapeutic benefit.
Our KAT program offers three delivery methods:
IV Infusion: Intravenous ketamine infusion represents the most extensively studied administration route for PTSD, used in the randomized controlled trials demonstrating efficacy. IV delivery allows precise dose control and administration of the subanesthetic doses (typically 0.5 mg/kg over 40 minutes) shown effective in research. For PTSD, treatment may involve a single infusion to assess response or a series of multiple infusions based on protocols showing sustained benefit with repeat dosing.
IM Injection: Intramuscular ketamine injection offers an alternative delivery method with rapid onset. Effects begin within 5-15 minutes, with sessions typically lasting about two hours. While less extensively studied specifically for PTSD than IV administration, IM delivery may be appropriate for some patients based on individual factors and clinical judgment.
Compounded Nasal Spray: Compounded racemic ketamine nasal spray provides a needle-free option. While the published PTSD trials used IV administration, nasal delivery may be considered for maintenance therapy in patients who have demonstrated clear response to initial IV or IM treatments.
All treatment sessions include comprehensive preparation discussing your PTSD history, trauma type, current symptoms across all PTSD symptom domains, comorbid conditions, and treatment goals; continuous monitoring throughout medication administration with vital signs assessment, emotional support, and immediate medical availability; and post-treatment integration helping you process the experience and connect any insights to your ongoing recovery work.
Research protocols for PTSD have used both single infusions and repeat infusion series. Single infusions demonstrated rapid symptom reduction lasting approximately one week. Repeat infusion protocols—typically six infusions over 2-3 weeks—produced more robust and sustained benefits lasting several weeks after treatment completion.
We develop individualized protocols based on published evidence, your specific PTSD characteristics including symptom severity, chronicity, trauma type, and comorbid conditions, your previous treatment responses, practical considerations including schedule and resources, and your response to initial treatments if pursuing a repeat infusion series.
For patients engaged in trauma-focused psychotherapy or willing to begin such therapy, coordinating ketamine infusions with therapy sessions may optimize outcomes by capitalizing on the enhanced memory reconsolidation window ketamine creates.
Your treatment journey begins with a comprehensive PTSD assessment. This evaluation includes detailed trauma history, being sensitive to your comfort in discussing traumatic events while gathering information necessary for safe, effective treatment; current PTSD symptoms across all domains—intrusions, avoidance, negative cognitions and mood, hyperarousal; previous PTSD treatments including medications tried, psychotherapy types, and their outcomes; comorbid conditions particularly depression, anxiety disorders, substance use, and chronic pain; overall mental and physical health status; and current support system and resources.
We coordinate with your existing mental health providers including psychiatrists, therapists, and primary care physicians to ensure ketamine therapy integrates appropriately with your overall treatment plan. For patients not currently in psychotherapy, we can provide referrals to trauma-focused therapists in the Boise area if you’re interested in pursuing integrated treatment.
If ketamine therapy is appropriate, we develop a personalized treatment protocol. Initial approaches typically involve either a single infusion to assess your response or a series of 4-6 infusions over 2-3 weeks based on research protocols showing sustained benefit with repeat dosing. We track symptoms carefully throughout treatment to determine optimal protocol duration for your individual situation.
Each session takes place in a private, comfortable treatment room with continuous monitoring. During the medication phase, you may experience dissociative effects—altered perceptions, feelings of detachment, dreamlike states, or transcendent experiences. For some patients, these experiences feel peaceful or insightful; others find them strange or temporarily uncomfortable. These effects are temporary and resolve within 1-2 hours as ketamine is metabolized.
For PTSD specifically, we monitor changes across all symptom domains including frequency and intensity of intrusive memories and nightmares, distress when exposed to trauma reminders, ability to experience positive emotions, connection with others, hyperarousal symptoms and sleep quality, and overall functioning and quality of life.
Response to ketamine for PTSD varies among individuals. Research shows that most patients experience meaningful symptom reduction, often noticing improvements within 24 hours to one week after treatment. Some patients describe feeling like a weight has lifted, reporting decreased intensity of intrusive memories, improved emotional regulation, better sleep, and enhanced ability to engage with daily activities and relationships.
The duration of benefit varies. Single infusions typically produce benefits lasting approximately one week. Repeat infusion series—6 infusions over 2-3 weeks—produce more sustained improvements lasting several weeks to months after treatment completion. For patients who respond well to initial treatment but experience symptom recurrence over time, maintenance treatments with periodic booster infusions may help sustain improvements.
Results vary by individual. While research demonstrates significant benefit for many PTSD patients, ketamine rarely eliminates all symptoms completely. The goal is meaningful symptom reduction that improves quality of life and potentially enhances ability to engage in ongoing trauma-focused therapy or other recovery work.
Our specialized PTSD treatment may be appropriate if you have a confirmed PTSD diagnosis meeting DSM-5 criteria, have not achieved adequate symptom relief despite appropriate trials of conventional treatments including SSRI medications and/or trauma-focused psychotherapy, and experience significant distress and functional impairment from PTSD symptoms.
Ketamine therapy for PTSD is typically considered after first-line treatments have been tried. However, for individuals with severe, chronic PTSD who have failed multiple treatment attempts, earlier consideration of ketamine may be appropriate. The presence of comorbid treatment-resistant depression is a particularly strong indication for ketamine therapy given its documented efficacy for both conditions.
However, ketamine therapy is not appropriate for everyone. Medical contraindications include uncontrolled hypertension or cardiovascular disease, history of psychosis or schizophrenia, active substance use disorder, pregnancy or breastfeeding, certain neurological conditions, and intracranial pathology with elevated intracranial pressure.
We carefully evaluate patients with active suicidal ideation, though this is not an absolute contraindication if appropriate safety planning and support are in place. Patients with dissociative disorders or concerns about experiencing dissociative effects require particularly careful consideration. Your comprehensive screening assessment reviews all these factors and helps determine whether ketamine therapy is safe and potentially beneficial for your specific PTSD presentation.
One of the most exciting areas of ketamine research for PTSD involves combining ketamine with trauma-focused psychotherapy. Research suggests ketamine may enhance the effectiveness of trauma processing by temporarily making traumatic memories more malleable, reducing defensive avoidance and emotional numbing that interfere with therapy engagement, and enhancing neuroplasticity that allows for new learning and memory updating.
When traumatic memories are recalled, they enter a temporary state where they can be modified before being re-stored—the reconsolidation window. Ketamine appears to extend and enhance this window, creating opportunities for therapeutic memory updating. Engaging in trauma-focused therapy during this window may allow for more effective reprocessing of traumatic memories.
Many patients with severe PTSD struggle to engage meaningfully in trauma-focused therapy due to overwhelming anxiety, avoidance, or emotional numbing. Ketamine’s rapid reduction of these symptoms may create a window of opportunity where patients can more effectively participate in therapy. Some patients describe feeling more able to discuss traumatic events, less overwhelmed by emotions during trauma processing, and more capable of maintaining therapeutic engagement.
While optimal protocols for combining ketamine with psychotherapy are still being established, some approaches involve conducting trauma-focused therapy sessions in the hours or days following ketamine infusions when the neuroplasticity window is open. Other approaches involve longer-term psychotherapy running parallel to a ketamine infusion series.
We coordinate with trauma-focused therapists to explore integrated treatment approaches when appropriate for individual patients. This coordination ensures safety, maximizes therapeutic benefit, and provides comprehensive support for your recovery journey.
Ketamine-Assisted Therapy: KAT for PTSD is offered on a cash-pay basis. Given that PTSD protocols may involve single infusions or repeat series of multiple infusions, costs depend on the specific treatment plan developed for your situation. Your initial consultation determines recommended protocols and associated costs.
Additional Services: Some aspects of PTSD evaluation and management may be billable to insurance separately from the ketamine therapy itself. We discuss all cost considerations during your consultation.
Given the off-label nature of ketamine for PTSD despite substantial supporting evidence from randomized controlled trials, insurance coverage is variable. We provide detailed cost information during your consultation so you can make informed decisions about pursuing this treatment option.
If you’ve struggled with PTSD despite comprehensive treatment attempts, ketamine therapy may offer rapid symptom relief and enhanced capacity for trauma processing and recovery. During your consultation, we’ll review your PTSD history and trauma background, previous treatments and their outcomes, current symptom severity across all PTSD domains, comorbid conditions, and overall health status. We’ll answer your questions about ketamine therapy for PTSD, discuss realistic expectations based on published research, and determine whether this treatment approach could be appropriate for your situation.
The evidence supporting ketamine therapy for PTSD has grown substantially over the past decade, moving from initial case reports to randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews establishing efficacy for PTSD-specific symptoms.
A systematic review and meta-analysis published in 2024 examined the impact of ketamine on PTSD symptomatology. Researchers conducted a comprehensive literature search identifying six randomized controlled trials meeting inclusion criteria. The analysis extracted data on validated PTSD measures including the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) and PTSD Checklist (PCL), as well as depression measures. Results showed that ketamine significantly reduced CAPS scores with a mean difference of -10.63 points compared to control, PCL scores with a mean difference of -6.13 points compared to control, and depression scores with a mean difference of -6.33 points compared to control at maximal follow-up times. Significant benefits were found at day 1 and weeks 1, 2, and 4 for both PTSD measures. Depression scores showed significant improvement at day 1, week 1, and week 4 for ketamine versus control. The review concluded that ketamine demonstrates significant efficacy for reducing PTSD symptoms and comorbid depression, with benefits evident rapidly after treatment and sustained for at least four weeks.
A comprehensive clinical review published in 2023 synthesized evidence on ketamine for PTSD spanning case reports, chart reviews, open-label studies, and randomized trials. The review noted high heterogeneity in clinical presentation and pharmacological approaches across studies but found encouraging signals of therapeutic safety, efficacy, and durability. One study described in the review involved 30 veterans with combat-related PTSD who received six one-hour ketamine infusions over 2-3 weeks. From baseline to post-treatment, PTSD symptoms improved by 44% and treatment-resistant depression improved by 50%. The review noted that psychiatric comorbidities, particularly treatment-resistant depression, were reported frequently in PTSD patients receiving ketamine. This is significant given that approximately 50% of veterans with PTSD also have major depressive disorder. The review highlighted ketamine’s rapid onset of action as particularly relevant for PTSD, where conventional treatments often require weeks to months before benefit emerges. The review also discussed emerging evidence that combining ketamine with psychotherapy may produce synergistic benefits, with ketamine potentially facilitating trauma memory processing during a neuroplasticity window following infusion.
Both reviews emphasize that while the evidence base continues to grow, ketamine represents a promising treatment for individuals with treatment-resistant PTSD who haven’t achieved adequate relief with conventional medications and psychotherapy. The rapid symptom relief, documented efficacy in randomized trials, and potential for enhanced trauma processing make ketamine an important addition to the treatment options available for this challenging condition. Future research directions include establishing optimal dosing protocols, determining the role of maintenance treatments, and developing best practices for integrating ketamine with trauma-focused psychotherapy.
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2800 W Overland Rd, Boise, ID 83705